Commandaria — Cyprus’s Legendary Wine, Recognized by UNESCO

Cyprus is not just about sun and sea, but also the home of one of the oldest wines in the world — Commandaria. This legendary wine, with a history spanning millennia and a symbol of the island, has been recognized by UNESCO as part of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Commandaria combines the aroma of Cypriot sunshine, centuries-old traditions, and the craftsmanship of winemakers.

• Commandaria — a wine with a history spanning millennia
• History of Commandaria
• How Commandaria is produced
• Taste and aroma
• Where Commandaria is produced
• Commandaria and UNESCO
• Commandaria museums
• Interesting facts
• Commandaria today

Commandaria — a wine with a history spanning millennia

Commandaria is one of the most authentic and recognizable Cypriot wines. Its history spans over three thousand years, and winemaking traditions have been passed down from generation to generation. This dessert wine combines the sun, patience, and the Cypriots’ love for their land.

History of Commandaria

Winemaking in Cyprus began as early as the 9th century BCE, when local “Cypriot wine” was exported to Egypt and Greece. The modern name appeared in the 13th century during the time of the Knights of the Order of Saint John (Hospitallers), who harvested grapes near Kolossi Castle, known as La Grande Commanderie.

This is where the wine got its name. Richard the Lionheart, who celebrated his wedding here, called Commandaria "the wine of kings and the king of wines." In 1224, the wine was recognized at a wine competition in France, mentioned in Henri d’Andeli’s poem "La Bataille des Vins". Today, Commandaria is not just a wine but part of Cyprus’s cultural heritage and an international symbol of authentic winemaking.

How Commandaria is produced

Commandaria is made exclusively from two local grape varieties — Mavro and Xynisteri. After harvesting, the grapes are sun-dried into sweet raisins, which increases sugar concentration and aroma. The wine is then fermented and aged in oak barrels for at least two years.

Some producers use the solera method, in which young wine is partially blended with older wine, creating a continuous succession of flavors. This process makes each vintage unique.

Taste and aroma

Commandaria is a dense, amber wine with aromas of fig, raisin, honey, and caramel. Its taste is rich, with notes of spices, nuts, and dried fruits. Alcohol content usually ranges from 15–20%. Sugar content is around 200 g/l, giving the wine characteristic sweetness with a light aftertaste.

It is served at 12–14°C and pairs excellently with cheeses, fruits, nuts, and desserts.

Where Commandaria is produced

The wine has a protected geographical designation and can only be produced in fourteen villages in the Troodos region, including Silikou, Lania, Afienia, and Kolossi. The altitude and sunny climate create ideal conditions for grape ripening.

Main producers: KEO, ETKO, SODAP, LOEL. Each brand offers its own interpretation of Commandaria — from fruity to caramel flavor notes.

Commandaria and UNESCO

On December 10, 2025, Commandaria was officially included in the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The session took place in New Delhi. This event confirmed Cyprus’s special role in the development of global winemaking.

Cyprus is also the only EU wine-producing region untouched by phylloxera since the late 19th century. This fact makes Commandaria a subject of interest for historians and wine experts worldwide.

Commandaria museums

In Cyprus, you can visit the Commandaria Museum in the village of Silikou. It features old barrels, winemaking tools, and wine tastings. Guided tours with tastings are also available at KEO and LOEL wineries.

Interesting facts

• Commandaria has a Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) and is produced exclusively in Cyprus.
• It is one of the oldest wines in the world, still made without added spirits.
• The Commandaria Festival is held annually in Lania village with tastings and folk performances.
• Cyprus contributed to the restoration of French vineyards after phylloxera, leading to the creation of the International Organisation of Vine and Wine (OIV).
• Commandaria is often used in church rituals and traditional Cypriot weddings.

Commandaria today

Today, Commandaria is a symbol of Cypriot hospitality and traditions. It is served at celebrations, given to guests, and used in religious ceremonies. The wine has become a calling card of the island, preserving the aroma of the sun and the labor of many generations.

Try Commandaria during your trip to Cyprus — this drink tells the island’s story better than any guide.

Remember: excessive alcohol consumption is harmful to your health, and Commandaria is particularly deceptive with its smoothness despite high alcohol content.