The second batch of the Barak MX system sparked strong reactions from Turkey and Turkish Cypriot authorities

In September 2025, relations between the Republic of Cyprus and Turkey escalated again after Cyprus received the second batch of the Israeli Barak MX air-defense missile system, developed by Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI). The new deliveries drew sharp criticism from Turkish and Turkish Cypriot representatives, who cited potential security threats.

Cyprus signed a contract for the supply of the Barak MX system in 2021. The first batch was received in December 2024, and the second in September 2025. It is this latest delivery that prompted new statements from Turkey.

The Deputy Chairman of the Republican People's Party of Turkey, Yankü Bağcıoğlu, stated that deploying the Barak MX system in Cyprus "poses a direct threat to the national security of Turkey and the Turkish Cypriot residents." According to him, the system's multifunctional 3D radar can monitor airspace over a significant distance, including areas along the Turkish coast, such as Aksaz and Iskenderun. Bağcıoğlu also noted that the deliveries strengthen Cyprus’ defensive capabilities, turning it into a strategic military foothold with support from Israel, the USA, and France.

Cypriot officials refrained from direct comments. Deputy government spokesperson Yiannis Antoniou emphasized in a radio interview that defense matters "are not subject to public discussion" and that Turkey has no right to accuse Cyprus of violating international law.

Barak MX is a modern modular air-defense system for land and sea-based deployment. It includes missile complexes with interception ranges of up to 35, 70, and 150 kilometers. The system is designed to protect against a wide range of threats, including aircraft, drones, cruise, and ballistic missiles. It comprises a multifunctional radar, active sensors, and a command-and-control center capable of tracking and engaging multiple targets simultaneously.

Supporters of the deliveries argue that Barak MX significantly enhances Cyprus' defense capabilities and increases regional security amid tensions. However, in Turkey and among Turkish Cypriot politicians, the system is perceived as a factor altering the balance of power in the Eastern Mediterranean and potentially threatening Ankara’s interests.